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Archive for the category “music”

Why are some revolutions imperceptible?

I recently read something by Jim Ulvog, which referenced something written by Matthew Yglesias. But before I talk about what they wrote, I’d like to share an example of what they were both talking about.

When I first entered the fingerprint identification industry in 1994, the computational power required for fingerprint encoding and matching exceeded the capabilities of the general-purpose computers available at the time – even high end computers from Digital Equipment Corporation. Because of this, my employer had to build special-purpose cards to insert into these computers to allow them to keep up with the computations that were required. I was writing proposals at the time, and spent a lot of time enthusing about the fact that these special cards were much smaller than the ones used in the prior generation of automated fingerprint identification systems. Because of this small size, I wrote at the time, these products – Printrak’s “Fingerprint Processor 2000″ and “Minutiae Matcher 2000″ – were truly revolutionary.

Within a few years, the computational power of computers had increased, and Printrak was able to do away with the Fingerprint Processor 2000 and the Minutiae Matcher 2000 altogether. We no longer needed special purpose boards to crank out these processes – and, as an added bonus, some of the computers didn’t have to be expensive Digital Equipment Corporation computers any more. We could buy a computer from Compaq (which, coincidentally, purchased Digital Equipment Corporation), and this computer was completely capable of performing all of the fingerprint processing without any special card.

This completely revolutionized the automated fingerprint identification system industry, since it was now possible to use general purpose computers for fingerprint identification. Rather than depending upon the AFIS vendors such as Printrak to provide souped-up computers, government agencies could (if they wished) now buy the computers themselves, from the same purchasing schedules that they used to purchase their other computers.

A huge revolution, but most of you never heard about it. Why not? Because the automated fingerprint identification industry was, and is, extremely small. The four leading AFIS vendors in the 1990s had aggregated annual revenues of much less than US$1 billion dollars. So it’s safe to say that Printrak’s reduced need for DEC computers was not the catalyst that sent DEC into the arms of Compaq.

Back to Ulvog and Yglesias. Ulvog’s post Impact of the technology revolution has barely begun states that the recent technology revolutions have taken place in industries that don’t play a huge role in the economy. But when technology changes impact larger industries – Ulvog cites education and health care as two examples – then we’ll REALLY see changes.

Ulvog’s thoughts on this were crystallized when he read Yglesias’ article, Why I’m Optimistic About Growth and Innovation. Yglesias begins by talking about a huge technological change that took place several hundred years ago – yet at the time, that change was imperceptible to the broader public.

A printing press based on movable type, for example, was an enormous boon to productivity in the book manufacturing sector. It had almost no impact on economy-wide productivity, however, simply because the book manufacturing sector of 17th-century Europe was trivially small.

So when, according to Yglesias, did the Industrial Revolution really take hold? When technological changes were applied to a much more important industry – apparel manufacturing.

In a similar manner, Yglesias (and Ulvog) note that recent technological changes have occurred in industries such as journalism and music. “But,” you argue, “journalism and music are HUGE. Rupert Murdoch and the music company heads control huge companies.”

Not really.

Take a look at the 2012 Fortune 500. This list doesn’t measure companies based upon stock valuation; it measures companies based upon actual revenue. (An argument could be made that profit is more important than revenue, but I don’t think that a ranking by profit will significantly impact my point here.)

Number one on the list? Not a journalism company. Not a music company. Number one on the list was ExxonMobil, with over $450 billion in revenue.

Number two was WalMart, with revenue of over $445 billion. Yes, they sell music – along with everything else under the sun.

You have to go through a number of companies – other oil companies, auto companies, banks, health firms, diversified companies such as Berkshire Hathaway – before you get to a company that makes a substantial amount of its revenue from journalism or music. That company, News Corp (Murdoch’s firm) is 91st in the Fortune 500, with revenue of about $33.4 billion – or an order of magnitude lower than the revenue of an ExxonMobil or a WalMart. Time Warner, by the way, is 103rd at about $29 billion.

So, for example, if News Corp and Time Warner were both to be completely devastated by technological change, and were to be liquidated, it would cause some discomfort. But if ExxonMobil, Chevon, or ConocoPhillips were to be liquidated, we’d probably be plunged into another Great Depression.

This is one of the reasons why Jim Ulvog talks about the oil industry so much. In his post, he provides this example:

…the astounding ability to change direction on a drill and control its location 10,000 feet underground and out 10,000 feet horizontally from there. Could you push a 20,000 foot piece of steel piping through solid rock and have the tip be exactly where you want it to be, plus or minus a few feet?

What has this technology – and others – done?

Turned North Dakota into the second largest oil-producing state in the country. More than Alaska or California.

Put US oil production back to where it was over 20 years ago.

Makes it a reasonable possibility the US could be a net energy *exporter* in a decade or so. An exporter.

And that’s going to make a bigger difference in our lives than the New York Times’ efforts to work out a monetization model. Not that this isn’t important – I know a number of journalists who have been displaced or adversely affected by change, and it’s undeniable that the music industry is changing. But a $1 per gallon increase of decrease in the cost of gasoline will have a huge impact on the ENTIRE economy.

You will still take a cab to the doctor’s office. For a while.

In May of 2003, Edith was a 75 year old widow. Though she missed her husband terribly, she still maintained an active life. This was complicated by the fact that she never learned to drive, but what are friends – and cab companies – for?

Being somewhat set in her habits, she would always have her medical checkup on the first Tuesday in May. The routine never varied. An hour before her appointment, Edith would go to the living room, pick up the phone, and call the cab company. The cab driver would arrive half an hour later and take her to the doctor’s office. Edith would pay the cab driver with a credit card – she didn’t like using the cabs that required cash – and then go into the doctor’s office, see the receptionist, and wait. She’d then spend some time with a nurse, and toward the end of the appointment would spend some time with the doctor. Edith was amused by the fact that she was now older than her doctor.

Edith remained in remarkably good health, so she continued to visit the doctor every year. And even in 2013, when she was 85 years old, the routine never varied – or it didn’t vary much. She still scheduled her doctor’s appointments for the first Tuesday in May, and she still took a cab to the doctor’s office. She still went to the living room to call the cab – not because the phone was there, but because she always liked to make her calls from the living room. It was easier to make the call to the cab company, because she had the number pre-programmed into her Jitterbug phone. And her daughter had set things up so that she could pay the cab driver in advance, through her computer. Edith could have booked the cab through the computer also, but that just didn’t feel right. She did appreciate the safety of paying online, though. The cab driver took her to the doctor’s office, just as before, and she had to wait in the waiting room, just as before (well, maybe a little bit longer). These days she spent much more time with the nurses than she did with the doctor, but the doctor always made sure to spend a few minutes with Edith. The doctor actually liked to spend time with Edith; some of his patients would probably just as soon have the doctor email his findings to them, and skip that whole “discussion” bit.

Time continued, and while Edith slowed down a bit, she was still able to maintain her independence. So in May 2023, when Edith was 95 years old, she still scheduled her doctor appointment for the first Tuesday in May, and she still took a cab to the doctor’s office. The routine never varied – well, maybe a little bit. Edith had booked and paid for the cab a month before the appointment, using the online Gacepple Calendar service. (Gacepple, of course, was the company that resulted from the merger of Google, Facebook, and Apple – the important merger that saved the tech industry in the United States from extinction. But I digress.) An hour before the appointment, Gacepple Calendar reminded Edith of her appointment, and five minutes later the Toyota in the street let her know that it had arrived. No, not the driver – there was no driver – but the Toyota itself.

Edith was the expert on driverless cars. Outside of the techie circles, most individuals didn’t own driverless cars. But the cab companies that Edith used sure did. While some cabdrivers protested over their job losses, many of them got jobs with churches, nursing homes, and other groups that didn’t have the money – yet – to afford a driverless car. Edith was secretly pleased with the elimination of cab drivers – all of the cab drivers in the past had listened to that horrid country music, and Edith liked the freedom to choose her own music on the way to the doctor’s office. Edith, of course, usually listened to oldies music – early Katy Perry was her current favorite.

After the Toyota delivered Edith to the doctor’s office, she went to the front door, was identified by the multi-biometric reader, and walked in. She announced her presence in the waiting room. “We’re ready for you, Edith,” said the friendly voice. “Would you like someone to guide you through the examination?”

“Yes,” replied Edith. “I’m not that good with all of this electronic stuff. Yesterday I set my alarm for seven o’clock PM instead of seven o’clock AM! Not that I need an alarm to wake up.”

The friendly person opened the door for Edith and told her to go to Examination Room C.

“So do you still need people to perform some of the tests?” asked Edith as she sat in the comfortable chair.

“Actually,” replied the friendly voice, “none of the tests requires human intervention. In fact” – the voice paused for a bit – “we’re already done.”

“Wow, that was quick!” replied Edith. “And I didn’t even have to get poked or take any clothes off.”

“We try to make the experience as comfortable as possible for all of our patients,” said the friendly voice. “We know that medical appointments in the past used to be very uncomfortable for some people, but with today’s scanners and medical reading devices, we can complete the examination without laying a hand – or sensor – on you. We’ll mail the results to Edith Smith at Gacepple dot com. Did you have any questions?”

“Actually, I had two,” replied Edith. “First, will there ever be a time when me – or my children – won’t have to come down to the office for the examination?”

The friendly voice replied. “Actually, we offer this service right now, and some of our REALLY elderly patients prefer it, because it allows more constant monitoring of their medical condition. Unfortunately, insurance doesn’t cover the cost, but – just a moment – I’ll mail you the information on our home service.”

“Thank you,” said Edith. “And if you have a minute, I do have one more question for you.”

“I have the time,” replied the friendly voice.

“I have to admit that I was unnerved a couple of years ago when I came to the medical office and no one was here. I had been warned that this would happen, but was told that a person would guide me by voice to the office and conduct the exam. After a while, I’ve gotten used to the idea of talking to you, even though you’re not here.”

“Well, I’m glad you’ve gotten used to the procedure,” replied the friendly voice. “I hope you like me!”

“I do,” said Edith. “You’ve been very helpful. But I’ve always wondered exactly WHERE you were. If you were in Los Angeles, or in Mississippi, or perhaps in India or China, or perhaps even in one of the low-cost places such as Chad. If you don’t mind my asking, exactly where ARE you?”

“I don’t mind answering the question,” replied the friendly voice, “and I hope you don’t take my response the wrong way, but I’m not really a person as you understand the term. I’m actually an application within the software package that runs the medical center. But my programmers want me to tell you that they’re really happy to serve you, and that Stanford sucks.” The voice paused for a moment. “I’m sorry, Edith. You have to forgive the programmers – they’re Berkeley grads.”

“Oh,” said Edith after a moment. “This is something new. I’m used to it in banking, but I didn’t realize that a computer program could run an entire medical center. Well…who picks up the trash?”

“That’s an extra question! Just kidding,” replied the friendly voice. “Much of the trash pickup is automated, but we do have a person to supervise the operation. Ron Hussein. You actually know him – he was your cab driver in 2018 when you came here.”

(DISCLOSURE: I am employed in the biometrics industry.)

For further information, see this discussion of Vinod Khosla’s views on the future of medicine, and this discussion of the future of driverless cars. And it shouldn’t surprise you to know that Tad Donaghe has commented on both of these stories.

21st century schizoid man

Mayo Clinic:

Schizoid personality disorder is a condition in which affected people avoid social activities and consistently shy away from interaction with others.

SoshiTech:

According to the demo video, the vibration sensors are supposed to mimic real human touch. You use the smartphone app to specify the portions of your partners body you’d like to stimulate, which are represented through circles on those body parts. When you touch those circles, it activates the [Durex "Fundawear"] underwear’s vibration sensors.

More here.

Me:

The sad thing is that there will be couples, sitting next to each other in bed, each holding a smartphone and touching their touchscreens.

21st century schizoid man, indeed.

Which leads us to King Crimson:

Nothing he’s got he really needs

Retailers, don’t entertain us. We will entertain ourselves. #apmp

I have signed up for tomorrow evenings’s APMP California Chapter webinar. For various reasons, I will not be attending the webinar from my office. It is nearly impossible for me to get home in time for the webinar. So I’ll be attending from a point in between the two – preferably a spot with free wi-fi and with food. However, I need to make sure that the free wi-fi is robust enough to allow me to participate in the webinar. Ideally, I’d like to test the connection beforehand.

Today a testing opportunity presented itself – sort of. I left my lunch on the kitchen counter this morning, so I was going to have to eat lunch somewhere anyway. Why not try one of the potential wi-fi hotspots?

My test, however, would not be a complete test of the restaurant’s wi-fi capabilities. For one, the webinar itself is not going to take place until tomorrow. For another, I left my netbook at home (unlike my lunch, this was intentional). So instead of listening to a webinar on my netbook using the restaurant’s free wi-fi, I would be listening to Spotify (specifically, the radio station based upon deadmau5′s “Clockwork”) on my mobile phone using the restaurant’s free wi-fi.

You’ve probably noticed that I haven’t named the restaurant in question. That’s because my experiment didn’t work out so well.

Most everything was great. The wi-fi worked (once I connected to the public network, rather than the private network for the employees). Spotify worked perfectly. And the food was good.

So what was the problem?

Diamond Dave.

You see, this particular restaurant chooses to play music. This is because decades ago, a scientist (I think his name was John Muzak) determined that if you played music at a retail establishment, people would buy more. So now almost all retail establishments play background music. Of course, the background music varies from place to place – “Hank’s Old-Timey Country Emporium” uses a slightly different playlist than “I Want to Die Teen Clothing Hangout.”

And this particular restaurant was playing a Van Halen song from the David Lee Roth era – I had to turn my volume way up this afternoon to hear the deadmau5 sound-alikes.

Obviously this would present a problem if I were to go to the same restaurant tomorrow night. I can picture it now.

The California Chapter of the Association of Proposal Management Professionals is pleased to present Nancy Webb, who will provide a preview of…

PANAMA!

…which she will present at the APMP Bid & Proposal Con 2013 in…

PANAMA!

…Page Architecture is an integrated visual approach to page design that encompasses…

PANAMA!

Now if I were working on a proposal for Panama, these interruptions may be appropriate. But it makes it hard to listen to my music – or to a webinar.

I’ll grant that my need is a special case, but there are a number of instances in which we don’t want to hear a retail establishment’s music because we have our own music. Many people, especially young people, have personal music devices that are very easy to carry around, and the smaller headphones allow you to listen to your own soundtrack. Yes, it’s anti-social – but the imposition of someone else’s soundtrack is equally anti-social.

What are the chances that retail background music will…um…fade away in the next decade?

Songs of the young, and songs not of the young

I recently attended a high school choral concert. Normally such concerts consist of classical and/or popular tunes that many of us have heard before. At this particular concert, however, one of the songs was an original composition, performed as a vocal/piano solo by the student who wrote it.

The song was beautiful, honest, and touching.

It was also very obviously written by a teenager. The sentiments expressed in the song included idealistic absolutes that one would usually expect a teenager to say. However, as I mentioned, the song was honest, and I certainly commend it.

Some songwriters try to write songs that express the feelings of younger people, and some of those efforts are less than successful.

My favorite example of this is a song by the electronic band Client entitled “Diary of an 18 Year Old Boy,” or, as I put it, “Diary of a 30 Year Old Woman Pretending to be an 18 Year Old Boy.” I happen to love the song, both in the electronic version on the Client album, and on a more acoustic version that I heard once. But the lyrics themselves are the funniest thing this side of the Pet Shop Boys.

I’ll confine myself to two hints that this song was not written by an 18 year old boy. The first one is right in the title – no 18 year old male, in Great Britain or anywhere else, would refer to himself as a “boy.” The second hint can be excerpted from the lyrics – I cannot think of any 18 year old man who, even in his secret diary, would write the words “Make me tremble.” Sounds like a 30 year old woman there.

Some songwriters, of course, are very capable of capturing the moods of the young. Perhaps you’ve heard of a singer named Justin Bieber. (If you use Klout to keep track of yourself, then you want to BE Justin Bieber.) One of his recent hits is a song called “As Long As You Love Me.” It appears that Bieber himself wrote the non-rap lyrics in the song, but whoever wrote the lyrics deftly captured the idealism and devotion that someone who was Bieber’s age would exhibit. Here’s an excerpt:

As long as you love me
We could be starving, we could be homeless, we could be broke
As long as you love me

These are the same types of absolute, idealistic emotions that were expressed in the original song that I heard at the choral concert.

And idealism, at times, can be a good thing.

The body of musical knowledge, from Gore to Drake

As the decades pass, bodies of knowledge are built up that later generations can reference. If I want to understand possible future changes in the United States, I can study the history of England, or of Rome, or of one of the Greek city states. If I want to understand science, or our lack of understanding of science, I can look at past scientific experiements and theories – some of which are still viable, and some of which are not. (I assume none of you have been treated with leeches lately.)

And if I want to understand a particular phrase in a song, I can look at songs that were sung a half century ago.

I had my car radio on, and was listening to a Drake song that I had probably heard a dozen times before. But this time, I was suddenly struck by a particular line that Drake sang:

It’s my birthday, I’ll get high if I want to

The line in and of itself is not that monumental of a line, but if you take a moment, and think about the rhythm of the words, and then think of a different melody that was sung a half century ago, you end of with the chorus of Lesley Gore’s biggest hit of a half century ago – her song “It’s My Party.” (Note: Lesley Gore is unrelated to Martin.) It’s a completely different story – in Gore’s song, the protagonist has lost her boyfriend to a girl named Judy. But the rhythm of the words nearly echoes that song that was a hit before Drake was born.

So did Drake intentionally mimic Gore? According to one commenter at rapgenius.com, he did not:

It would be clever if he was taking this line from back in the day and using it as an excuse to blaze. However, he’s actually interpolating Fabolous’s line in This is My Party from his Street Dreams album (2003)

And if you look at the Fabolous song, you’ll see that it was Fabolous that was recalling Gore.

But this is my party
Stroll by if you want to
Or ya’ll can stay home
But why would you want to?

Thematically, this is even more divorced from Gore’s original. In the 1960s version, the protagonist is the only one who is having a bad time at the party, but by the time Fabolous was singing, everybody was (if I may quote Wang Chung) having fun tonight.

So it’s quite possible that Drake was channeling Lesley Gore via an intermediary. Maybe Drake had never even heard the Lesley Gore song when he wrote “Take Care.”

The same thing happens in other fields, in which a politician may quote Thomas Jefferson, who may have been quoting a 17th century philosopher, who may have been quoting an ancient Greek.

The intriguing part is that what I consider modern popular music – in other words, anything after Bill Haley – has now been around for over 55 years. And that’s a lot of songs that new songwriters can reference.

How Maximum Rocknroll was produced in 1983

It all seems so long ago, perhaps because it was.

Back in the late 1970s and the 1980s, I was involved in several publications. I wrote a newspaper for my Reed College dorm called the Eastport Enquirer, back in the days in which its namesake the National Enquirer was decidedly unfashionable. (This was decades before the national paper broke real news in the John Edwards story.) A year later, I was working on the “real” college newspaper, the Reed College Quest. Several years after I left college, I wrote a local southern California zine called SHUFFLEBOARD!, a poor cousin to more highly-regarded zines such as From Ears and Mouth and The Bowl Sheet.

Before the monumental year of 1984, such publications were produced in ways that most people wouldn’t recognize today. Production of printed newspapers in those days often required the use of a typewriter, an Exacto knife, and lots of patience.

Back in those days, one of the leading zines was Maximum RockNRoll. It was clearly for the hardcore enthusiast; the one thing that I remember from those days was an impassioned letter that declared that the Beastie Boys (who had emerged from the hardcore movement before moving into rap) could not be regarded as true hardcore artists because of the rampant sexism in their lyrics. (For some, the so-called freedom of punk just meant that you had to adopt a new straitjacket.)

But that zine would crank itself out every couple of months. As part of a 30 year retrospective, John Marr (not the guitarist) describes how each issue was put together in those days.

The first thing to realize in looking back at these early issues of MRR is the unbelievable crude production methods we used. This was when the hot new Apple product was the IIe computer with dual 5¼” floppy drives and desktop publishing but a mad software engineer’s dream. We had no scanners, no computers, no laser printers. We did have an electric typewriter that could, in a jaw dropping display of 1983 technology, print out a justified column of copy.

After additional descriptions of the production methods, Marr states:

During the week, a steady stream of volunteers pounded in every letter, every scene report, every interview into that damn typewriter. (And you wonder why there are so many typos! Spell-check too was on the to-be-invented list.)

Nowadays Maximum Rocknroll is still, if you’ll pardon the term, old school. How? They still sell printed copies.

However, I don’t think they use Exacto knives any more.

When remixes change genres

Dave Audé has done a club remix of Tammy Wynette’s “Stand By Your Man.”

Tommy James and 1968 videos

One night I was listening to an online version of “Crimson and Clover,” and I ended up reading a Songfacts interview with Tommy James. James not only discussed “Crimson and Clover,” but also discussed crime bosses, Christianity…and early music videos:

Well, we wanted to do videos. And “Mony” was the very first video we had ever done. To me it seemed very sensible to make a film of your hit record, and I couldn’t figure out why nobody was doing it. You’d find things would run sometimes on television, there’d be like a movie with a song in it, and they’d take the film clip and run it. But nobody was really making videos. And so we hired a film company, went in and did a video of “Mony.” We actually did a video of “Ball of Fire,” and we did a video of “She” as well. But we couldn’t get them played anywhere. So “Mony” was one of the first videos made. It was 13 years before MTV. We couldn’t get it played anywhere in the United States. TV would not play video made by musicians, they just wouldn’t do it. So the only place we could get our video played was over in Europe in the movie theatres. In between double features, they played “Mony Mony.” And the reason you see it in black-and-white is because it was shown on the Beat Club in England, and it was a film of a film, and it was shown in black-and-white. So when they shipped it back to the United States it was in black and white. But the original video was in color. So it was me and Daffy Duck for a long time. (laughing) And Daffy wanted to close. So I had problems with Daffy.

How I learned about the death of Edward Anatolevich Hill

I have written about Edward Anatolevich Hill several times in my Empoprise-MU music blog. The most recent mention of “Mr. Trololo” was in December 2010, in a post that described how the Gifford Children’s Choir in Racine, Wisconsin performed their version of the famous “Trololo” song (a/k/a “I Am So Happy to Finally Be Back Home”).

I hadn’t written about the original singer, Hill (or Khil) in some time. Today, I am sad to report that he has passed away.

Russian baritone Eduard Khil, whose Trololo song enjoyed a comeback in 2010 after decades of oblivion, died in a St. Petersburg hospital at the age of 77 on Monday….

Khil was born in Smolensk on September 4, 1934. He died Monday morning in a St. Petersburg hospital after irreversible damage from a stroke at the end of May.

You may be asking yourself – why am I writing about this in tymshft, instead of in my music blog?

Because of the WAY in which I learned of Mr. Khil’s death.

About an hour ago, Jesse Harris shared a video on Google+. The video began with the message “R.I.P. Eduard Khil,” which prompted me to investigate.

The video? A guitar-based metal version of the “Trololo” song.

The song is performed by 331Erock.

I wonder if he’s recorded a metal version of the ground from P.D.Q. Bach’s Iphigenia in Brooklyn.

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